Ten Elements

The ten "elements of journalism," as described by Bill Kovach and Tom Rosenstiel in their book:

https://www.americanpressinstitute.org/journalism-essentials/what-is-journalism/elements-journalism/

1. TRUTH: Journalism’s first obligation is to the truth.
2. LOYALTY: Journalism’s first loyalty is to citizens.
3. VERIFICATION: Journalism’s essence is a discipline of verification.
4. INDEPENDENCE: Its practitioners must maintain an independence from those they cover.
5. WATCHDOG: Journalism must serve as an independent monitor of power.
6. PUBLIC FORUM: Journalism organizations must provide a forum for public criticism and compromise.
7. MAKE THE IMPORTANT INTERESTING: Journalists must strive to keep the significant interesting and relevant.
8. INCLUSIVE: Journalists must keep the news comprehensive and proportional.
9. ROOM FOR DISSENT: Journalists must be allowed to exercise their personal consciences.
10. ANALYZE: Citizens, too, have rights and responsibilities when it comes to the news.